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Type of Heart Disease
Heart disease is a killer exceptional, recognizing heart disease is very important for us.
Broadly speaking, heart disease can be divided into two, namely heart disease and congenital heart disease because of errors lifestyle.
Here are some types of heart disease that often occurs:
Coronary artery disease
Often referred to as coronary heart disease. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease. It is the leading cause of death in the United States in both men and women.Coronary artery disease occurs when the coronary arteries (which supply blood to the heart) experienced a hardening and narrowing due to fat accumulation or other material / plaque. Fat buildup is called atherosclerosis. This is due to accumulation of blood flowing to the heart is reduced.
As a result, the heart muscle can not get the blood or oxygen it needs. This can cause chest pain (angina) or heart attack. Most heart attacks occur when a blood clot suddenly cut off blood supply to the heart organ, causing permanent heart damage.
Over time, CAD can weaken the heart muscle and contribute to heart failure and arrhythmias.
Heart failure means the heart can not pump blood throughout the body either. Arrhythmia is a change in the rhythm of the heart pump. Blockages in coronary arteries is called coronary artery disease-a condition in which the heart muscle is not getting enough blood and oxygen. The most serious effects of coronary artery disease is sudden death without warning. This usually occurs in individuals who have had heart attacks or other heart damage.
What is the process of coronary artery disease?
The main cause of coronary heart disease is atherosclerosis, or the formation of plaque in the artery wall.
The heart is a muscular organ and hollow, and its main task is to pump oxygen-rich blood to get to the various parts of the body through the arteries, so that cells and tissues can perform their vital functions. More blood back to the heart through a vein. However, as the muscle (myocardium), the heart also require oxygen in order to function.
If there is excess cholesterol in the blood, these fatty deposits (atheroma) begin to clog arteries by sticking to the walls of blood vessels. The immune system response to the plaque formation by releasing white blood cells to resolve the issue. Because this process occurs repeatedly over the years, the plaque formed in coronary arteries. Then, plaque narrows the blood vessels, reduce and even stop the supply of oxygen to the heart. Sometimes, the plaque rupture and form a blood clot (thrombosis), which would hinder the delivery of oxygen to the heart.
Ischemic
Ischemic heart disease is the state of various etiology, causing an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. The most common cause of myocardial ischemia is atherosclerosis. The existence of atherosclerosis causes narrowing of the lumen of the coronary arteries epicardial thus myocardial oxygen supply is reduced. Myocardial ischemia can also occur due to increased myocardial oxygen demand is not normal as in ventricular hypertrophy or aortic stenosis. If the ischemic event is temporary then associated with angina pectoris, if prolonged, it can lead to myocardial necrosis and scarring with or without clinical features of myocardial infarction (Isselbacher, 2000).Ischemic heart disease risk increases due to aging, smoking, hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol), diabetes, and hypertension (high blood pressure), and is more common in men and those who have close relatives with ischemic heart disease.
Angina
Angina is discomfort or pain that occurs when your heart is not getting enough oxygen and nutrients. Angina may be caused by a narrowing of the blood vessels or muscle spasm in the coronary arteries. These seizures may be caused by cigarette smoke, cold temperatures, strong emotions, and other sources. It is important to note that angina is not a heart attack and usually does not cause permanent damage to the heart, even though it causes pain.The cause of angina is generally atherosclerosis or coronary artery spasm. Angina is not the same for everyone. While it usually occurs when the heart is working harder than usual, such as after a meal or during physical or emotional stress, it can also occur when resting.
Traditionally, angina occurs mainly in the chest and radiates to the left arm. However, it can be an inconvenience that glows in the chest, shoulders, in the upper back, arms (left and right), neck, throat, or jaw.
Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)
Part of the heart muscle can be damaged or die as a result of blocked blood flow. If the blockage is short, and the heart finally receive enough blood, oxygen and nutrients, the damage is often reversible. This is why it is very important for a heart attack victim to get medical help quickly.warning signs of a heart attack include:
• feeling of heaviness, pressure, or pain or squeezing in the chest that lasts for more than a few minutes.
• mild or fainting
• Nausea or vomiting
• Pain that spreads to the shoulders, neck or arms.
• abundant Sweating
• Rapid heartbeat
• Hard to breathe
• severe weakness
If you experience any symptoms for more than 15 minutes and believe that they are heart-related, call 911 or have someone take you to the nearest emergency room as soon as possible.
Heart failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart does not pump enough blood to meet your body's needs. While many people believe the misconception that heart failure means that an individual will die or that their hearts had stopped, this is not true. heart failure just indicates that the heart is not squeezing as well as it should. This usually does not happen suddenly but gradually worsen over time.Heart failure can be caused by:
• cardiomyopathy (a disease that damages the heart muscle)
• Coronary artery disease
• Diabetes
• Heart Valve Disease
• Heart defects present at birth
• High blood pressure
• Lung diseases such as emphysema
• Past heart attack
If you have the following symptoms of heart failure, please see your doctor immediately:
• The fluid that accumulates in the lungs, known as pulmonary congestion
• Swelling of the feet, ankles or feet, known as edema
• Other symptoms may include wheezing, sleep apnea, cough, and fatigue
